Which condition is often linked to elevated symptoms of depression in social media use?

Problematic social media use (PSMU) is a condition characterized by excessive or compulsive use of social media platforms, leading to negative impacts on mental health, particularly symptoms of depression. Research has shown that individuals who engage in PSMU often experience anxiety and depression due to various factors such as social comparison, exposure to cyberbullying, and decreased face-to-face interactions. The constant connectivity and online presence can create a sense of inadequacy and loneliness, which can further exacerbate feelings of depression.

In contrast, increased outdoor activity, higher academic performance, and engagement in face-to-face interactions are generally associated with mental well-being and may act as protective factors against depression. Outdoor activities and personal interactions foster social ties and enhance mood, while academic achievement can lead to a sense of accomplishment and purpose. These factors tend to mitigate, rather than contribute to, depressive symptoms, highlighting why problematic social media use stands out as a risk factor linked to elevated symptoms of depression.