What is the impact of resistance exercise on VO2 max?

Resistance exercise has a specific and somewhat limited impact on VO2 max, which is a measure of the maximum amount of oxygen the body can utilize during intense exercise. While resistance training can enhance muscular strength and endurance, its effect on cardiovascular fitness and VO2 max is not as pronounced as that of aerobic exercises like running, cycling, or swimming.

The physiological adaptations from resistance training typically involve improvements in muscle fiber recruitment and hypertrophy, which lead to increases in strength and power rather than significant cardiovascular improvements. The cardiovascular system does benefit from resistance training through improved circulation and increased muscular efficiency during physical activity, but these changes are generally minor when compared to the adaptations produced by consistent aerobic conditioning.

In contrast, the substantial gains in VO2 max are primarily achieved through sustained aerobic exercise that directly challenges the cardiovascular system and promotes adaptations such as increased cardiac output, improved alveolar gas exchange, and enhanced mitochondrial density within the muscle cells.

Thus, the most accurate reflection of resistance exercise's impact on VO2 max is that it results in a minimal increase, particularly when compared to other forms of training that more directly enhance aerobic capacity.