How much lower was the risk of coronary heart disease when all five risk factors were absent in the Nurses Health Study?

The risk of coronary heart disease was significantly reduced when all five key risk factors were absent, as highlighted in the Nurses Health Study. This finding emphasizes the importance of lifestyle choices in preventing cardiovascular disease. Specifically, when none of the five established risk factors—such as smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, poor diet, and hypertension—were present, the study found an 82% lower risk of developing coronary heart disease.

This substantial reduction underscores the potential of lifestyle interventions to positively impact heart health. By focusing on maintaining a healthy weight, engaging in regular physical activity, adhering to a nutritious diet, and avoiding smoking, individuals can greatly diminish their chances of experiencing coronary heart disease. The findings of the Nurses Health Study serve as a compelling reminder of the critical role lifestyle factors play in cardiovascular health and disease prevention.