How is vigorous intensity physical activity defined in terms of heart rate?

Vigorous intensity physical activity is defined as exercises that significantly increase heart rate and breathing and are typically associated with high levels of exertion. In terms of heart rate, vigorous intensity is characterized by achieving a target of about 77-100% of an individual's maximum heart rate. This level of intensity is crucial for improving cardiovascular fitness and overall health.

Activities that fall into this category often include running, cycling at a fast pace, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), or other strenuous sports and fitness activities. Engaging in vigorous intensity exercise has been shown to provide substantial health benefits, including improvements in cardiovascular health, weight management, and mental health.

In contrast, lower intensity ranges, such as 50-70% of maximum heart rate, are classified as moderate activity, which includes brisk walking or light cycling, and activities below 50% of max heart rate are considered sedentary or light activities. While all forms of exercise contribute to health, understanding the distinction between these intensity levels helps inform exercise recommendations tailored to individual fitness goals.